Additional Protocol No 4 to Amend the Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to International Carriage by Air

General Detail

General Information

  1. Type: Convention
  2. Date of signature:
  3. Place of signature: Montreal, Canada
  4. Depositary:
  5. Date of entry into force: 14/06/1998

Category

Transport and telecommunications

Sub category

Air transport

Groups

ICAO

What is it about?

This Protocol improves and modernises the rules covering international air cargo of the Warsaw Convention (Warsaw, 12/10/1929), as amended by the Hague Protocol (The Hague, 28/09/1955).

Why is it relevant?

This Protocol makes possible the implementation of a ‘paperless’ electronic air waybill, reducing costs and transportation time, consequently improving the provided service. It also replaces the obsolete Convention’s gold standard with Special Drawing Rights (SDR’s), an international agreed unit of value. Consequently, it eliminates the uncertainty about converting the Convention’s liability limits into national currencies. This Convention changes the maximum liability limitation of the carrier from 20.00 USD per Kilogram to 17 SDR’s (Special Drawing Rights) per Kilogram, approximately 23.30 USD per Kilogram. Although it has been superseded by the Montreal Convention (Montreal, 28/05/1999), it is still relevant amongst all the States that are party to the Warsaw System (a system made up by the Warsaw Convention plus amending Protocols and supplementary instruments) and have not yet ratified the Montreal Convention.

Additional Information

The Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage by Air (Montreal, 28/05/1999), also known as Montreal Convention, prevails over this Protocol for States parties to both. Since the Montreal Convention is recent and it is still ratified by a limited number of countries, States may wish to consider ratifying it in conjunction with the Warsaw Convention and its amendments.

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Country ratifications
CountryRatification date
Argentina14/03/1990
Australia13/01/1997
Azerbaijan24/01/2000
Bahrain21/01/1999
Belgium19/03/2003
Bosnia and Herzegovina03/03/1995
Brazil27/07/1979
Canada27/08/1999
Chile01/10/2008
Colombia20/05/1982
Croatia14/07/1993
Cyprus10/11/1992
Denmark04/05/1988
Ecuador12/02/1999
Egypt17/11/1978
Estonia16/03/1998
Ethiopia14/07/1987
Finland04/05/1988
Ghana11/08/1997
Greece12/11/1988
Guatemala03/02/1997
Guinea12/02/1999
Honduras14/06/1998
Hungary30/06/1987
Iceland28/06/2004
Ireland27/06/1989
Israel16/02/1988
Italy02/04/1985
Japan20/06/2000
Jordan22/07/1999
Kenya06/07/1999
Kuwait08/11/1996
Lebanon04/08/2000
Luxembourg25/09/2008
Macedonia (The former Yugoslav Republic of)01/09/1994
Malaysia18/01/2008
Mauritius14/06/1998
Montenegro01/04/2008
Nauru14/06/1998
Netherlands07/01/1983
New Zealand03/12/1999
Niger14/06/1998
Norway04/05/1988
Oman14/06/1998
Portugal07/04/1982
Serbia18/07/2001
Seychelles28/02/2012
Singapore14/06/1998
Slovenia07/08/1998
Spain08/01/1985
Sweden04/05/1988
Switzerland09/12/1987
Togo05/05/1987
Turkey14/06/1998
United Arab Emirates20/03/2000
United Kingdom05/07/1984
United States of America04/12/1998
Uzbekistan14/06/1998
Treaties analysis
YearRatifications
19781
19791
19822
19831
19841
19852
19874
19887
19891
19901
19921
19931
19941
19951
19961
19973
199811
19997
20004
20011
20031
20041
20084
20121
Total59
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