Convention on the Marking of Plastic Explosives for the Purpose of Detection
General Detail
General Information
- Type: Convention
- Date of signature: 01/03/1991
- Place of signature: Montreal, Canada
- Depositary: International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
- Date of entry into force: 21/06/1998
Category
Sub category
Groups
ICAO
What is it about?
This Convention calls on State Parties to take the necessary and effective measures to prohibit and prevent the manufacture and movement of unmarked explosives in their territories and to exercise strict control of the possession and transfer of such explosives. In addition, States Parties agree to mark plastic explosives with a chemical agent that can be detected by commercially available vapor or particle trace detectors and canines, enhancing their detectability.
Why is it relevant?
This instrument constitutes an attempt to secure uniformity of international law affecting the prevention of bombing of aircrafts.
Additional Information
This Convention establishes an International Explosive Technical Commission with the duty of evaluating technical developments relating to the manufacture, marking, and detection of explosives.
Related treaties
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Country ratifications
| Country | Ratification date |
| Afghanistan | 01/10/2003 |
| Albania | 20/10/2004 |
| Algeria | 14/11/1996 |
| Andorra | 17/05/2006 |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 07/01/2011 |
| Argentina | 08/03/1999 |
| Armenia | 22/07/2005 |
| Australia | 26/06/2007 |
| Austria | 31/05/1999 |
| Azerbaijan | 04/07/2000 |
| Bahamas | 21/05/2008 |
| Bahrain | 30/01/1996 |
| Bangladesh | 16/08/2005 |
| Barbados | 12/09/2002 |
| Belarus | 06/02/2002 |
| Belgium | 16/04/2007 |
| Benin | 30/03/2004 |
| Bhutan | 26/08/2005 |
| Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | 01/02/2002 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 03/05/2004 |
| Botswana | 19/09/2000 |
| Brazil | 04/10/2001 |
| Brunei Darussalam | 09/07/2009 |
| Bulgaria | 08/09/1999 |
| Burkina Faso | 07/07/2004 |
| Cameroon | 03/06/1998 |
| Canada | 29/11/1996 |
| Cape Verde | 04/11/2002 |
| Chile | 02/08/2000 |
| Colombia | 30/09/2013 |
| Congo | 05/02/2015 |
| Costa Rica | 12/07/2005 |
| Cote d'Ivoire | 13/10/2015 |
| Croatia | 24/02/2005 |
| Cuba | 30/11/2001 |
| Cyprus | 20/09/2002 |
| Czech Republic | 25/03/1993 |
| Denmark | 05/10/1998 |
| Djibouti | 11/06/2004 |
| Dominican Republic | 09/05/2011 |
| Ecuador | 15/12/1995 |
| Egypt | 19/07/1993 |
| El Salvador | 18/02/2000 |
| Eritrea | 01/12/1994 |
| Estonia | 05/03/1996 |
| Fiji | 11/07/2008 |
| Finland | 05/12/2001 |
| France | 21/05/1997 |
| Gambia | 20/06/2000 |
| Georgia | 25/04/2000 |
| Germany | 17/12/1998 |
| Ghana | 22/04/1998 |
| Greece | 30/10/1995 |
| Grenada | 15/01/2002 |
| Guatemala | 26/11/1997 |
| Guinea | 23/01/2004 |
| Guyana | 13/12/2007 |
| Honduras | 18/02/2004 |
| Hungary | 11/01/1994 |
| Iceland | 24/05/2002 |
| India | 16/11/1999 |
| Iraq | 11/04/2014 |
| Ireland | 15/07/2003 |
| Italy | 26/09/2002 |
| Jamaica | 18/08/2005 |
| Japan | 26/09/1997 |
| Jordan | 23/05/1996 |
| Kazakhstan | 18/05/1995 |
| Kenya | 22/10/2002 |
| Kuwait | 18/03/1996 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 14/07/2000 |
| Latvia | 17/08/1999 |
| Lebanon | 26/11/1997 |
| Lesotho | 10/11/2009 |
| Libyan Arab Jamahiriya | 10/10/2002 |
| Liechtenstein | 04/12/2002 |
| Lithuania | 21/11/1996 |
| Luxembourg | 06/11/2006 |
| Macedonia (The former Yugoslav Republic of) | 21/09/1998 |
| Madagascar | 23/12/2003 |
| Malawi | 31/03/2014 |
| Malaysia | 27/11/2007 |
| Maldives | 22/03/1999 |
| Mali | 28/09/2000 |
| Malta | 15/11/1994 |
| Marshall Islands | 06/02/2003 |
| Mauritania | 24/05/2011 |
| Mexico | 09/04/1992 |
| Moldova | 01/12/1997 |
| Monaco | 14/05/1998 |
| Mongolia | 22/09/1999 |
| Morocco | 26/05/1999 |
| Mozambique | 15/03/2006 |
| Myanmar | 01/09/2004 |
| Nauru | 03/04/2006 |
| Netherlands | 04/05/1998 |
| New Zealand | 19/12/2003 |
| Nicaragua | 10/01/2006 |
| Niger | 06/03/2009 |
| Nigeria | 10/05/2002 |
| Norway | 09/07/1992 |
| Oman | 13/12/2001 |
| Palau | 30/11/2001 |
| Panama | 12/04/1996 |
| Paraguay | 15/10/2004 |
| Peru | 07/02/1996 |
| Philippines | 17/12/2003 |
| Poland | 26/09/2006 |
| Portugal | 09/10/2002 |
| Qatar | 09/11/1998 |
| Republic of Korea | 02/01/2002 |
| Romania | 21/09/1998 |
| Russian Federation | 19/09/2007 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 09/05/2002 |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 14/07/2010 |
| Samoa | 09/07/1998 |
| San Marino | 16/12/2014 |
| Saudi Arabia | 11/07/1996 |
| Senegal | 11/02/2004 |
| Serbia | 22/06/2006 |
| Seychelles | 14/08/2003 |
| Singapore | 20/01/2003 |
| Slovakia | 20/03/1995 |
| Slovenia | 05/06/2000 |
| South Africa | 01/12/1999 |
| Spain | 31/05/1994 |
| Sri Lanka | 11/10/2001 |
| Sudan | 25/05/2000 |
| Suriname | 27/03/2003 |
| Swaziland | 13/05/2003 |
| Sweden | 05/04/2007 |
| Switzerland | 03/04/1995 |
| Syrian Arab Republic | 29/09/2004 |
| Tajikistan | 18/07/2006 |
| Thailand | 25/01/2006 |
| Togo | 22/07/2003 |
| Tonga | 10/12/2002 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 03/04/2001 |
| Tunisia | 28/05/1997 |
| Turkey | 14/12/1994 |
| Turkmenistan | 14/01/2005 |
| Uganda | 02/07/2004 |
| Ukraine | 18/03/1999 |
| United Arab Emirates | 21/12/1992 |
| United Kingdom | 28/04/1997 |
| United Republic of Tanzania | 11/02/2003 |
| United States of America | 09/04/1997 |
| Uruguay | 14/06/2001 |
| Uzbekistan | 09/06/1999 |
| Vanuatu | 25/01/2006 |
| Yemen | 04/07/2007 |
| Zambia | 31/05/1995 |
Treaties analysis
| Year | Ratifications |
| 1992 | 3 |
| 1993 | 2 |
| 1994 | 5 |
| 1995 | 6 |
| 1996 | 10 |
| 1997 | 8 |
| 1998 | 11 |
| 1999 | 11 |
| 2000 | 10 |
| 2001 | 8 |
| 2002 | 16 |
| 2003 | 12 |
| 2004 | 12 |
| 2005 | 7 |
| 2006 | 10 |
| 2007 | 7 |
| 2008 | 2 |
| 2009 | 3 |
| 2010 | 1 |
| 2011 | 3 |
| 2013 | 1 |
| 2014 | 3 |
| 2015 | 2 |
| Total | 153 |
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