Cambodge
- Abstract
- Summary
- Comparative Statistical Analysis
- Strengths and Weakness
- Instruments ratifications
- Historical Data
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Le Cambodge, en forme longue le royaume du Cambodge, en khmer Kâmpŭchéa et ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា, Preăhréachéanachâkr Kâmpŭchéa, aussi appelé Srok Khmer, ស្រុកខ្មែរ, littéralement « Pays des Khmers », est un pays d'Asie du Sud-Est, peuplé d’environ 17 millions d'habitants. Sa capitale est Phnom Penh. Le Cambodge est l’État successeur de l’Empire khmer hindouiste et bouddhiste qui règne sur pratiquement toute la péninsule d’Indochine entre le XIe et le XIVe siècles. Le Cambodge a des frontières communes avec la Thaïlande à l'ouest-nord-ouest, le Laos au nord-est et le Viêt Nam à l'est et au sud-est. Les citoyens du pays portent le nom de Cambodgiens ou Khmers en référence à l’ethnie khmère. La majorité des Cambodgiens est de religion bouddhiste theravāda (96 % de la population, religion d'État). La religion musulmane est pratiquée chez l'ethnie cham (2 %) ainsi que chez les malais et javanais, bien que chez ces deux derniers, la majorité soit bouddhiste. Les tribus des montagnes Khmer Loeu pratiquent le bouddhisme et l'animisme, une minorité d'entre eux avec les philippins, pratiquent la religion chrétienne (1 %).
Au cours du vingtième siècle, sous un contexte de guerre froide, le Cambodge a connu :
la guerre civile cambodgienne (1967-1975), dont l'intervention américaine ordonnée par Richard Nixon et Henry Kissinger, a tué entre 550 000 à 750 000 Cambodgiens par des bombardements aériens massifs ;
la prise de pouvoir en 1975 par le Kampuchéa démocratique et la mise en place du totalitarisme, qui a causé la mort de plus d'un million de Cambodgiens, persécutés ou assassinés.L'agriculture reste le secteur économique dominant (57,6 % de la population active et 33,4 % du PIB). Les industries principales du Cambodge sont la confection et le tourisme. Du pétrole et du gaz sont découverts dans les eaux territoriales du pays en 2005. Bien qu'une partie de la population vive dans l'extrême pauvreté (31 % en dessous du seuil de pauvreté), le Cambodge connaît depuis la fin des années 1990 un fort développement économique et bénéficie de l'afflux d'investissements internationaux. Entre 2004 et 2007, le PIB du royaume connaît une croissance moyenne de 10 % par an. Le PIB par habitant du Cambodge, avec 773 dollars par an et par habitant, reste cependant bien en dessous de la moyenne régionale et au même niveau que nombre de pays d'Afrique sub-saharienne. Le Cambodge a un climat tropical.
Instruments ratified: | 93 / 282 |
---|---|
World Average Ratifications: | 114 / 282 |
Ratification rate: | 36.63% |
World Average Rate: | 41.25% |
Weighted score: | 41.63% |
World Average Weighted Score: | 41.25% |
World rank: | 113 / 194 |
BONNE GOUVERNANCE | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Corruption | 2/4 (50.00%) | 66.67% | 50.00% | 34 | Strong |
Biens culturels | 4/4 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 54.00% | 1 | Strong |
Stupéfiants | 3/3 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 95.00% | 1 | Weak |
Délit d'initié | 0/1 | 0.00% | 4.00% | 9 | Weak |
Crime organisé | 2/2 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 80.00% | 1 | Strong |
Total | 11 | 90.38% | 68.00% | 7 | Strong |
CONTENTIEUX | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Arbitrage | 2/6 (33.33%) | 50.00% | 32.00% | 29 | Strong |
Coopération judiciaire | 0/5 | 0.00% | 36.00% | 119 | Weak |
Reconnaissance des jugements étrangers | 0/2 | 0.00% | 2.00% | 6 | Weak |
Compétence judiciaire | 0/4 | 0.00% | 14.00% | 29 | Weak |
Procédure judiciaire | 0/1 | 0.00% | 6.00% | 12 | Weak |
Immunités des Etats | 0/1 | 0.00% | 11.00% | 22 | Weak |
Total | 2 | 20.00% | 29.00% | 95 | Weak |
CONTRATS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Représentation | 0/2 | 0.00% | 2.00% | 8 | Weak |
Conflits de loi | 0/7 | 0.00% | 3.00% | 27 | Weak |
Commerce électronique | 0/3 | 0.00% | 18.00% | 70 | Weak |
Franchisage | 0/1 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 1 | Average |
Leasing/Factoring | 0/2 | 0.00% | 5.00% | 13 | Weak |
Principes et usages commerciaux | 0/2 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 1 | Average |
Marchés publics | 0/4 | 0.00% | 3.00% | 31 | Weak |
Vente de marchandises | 0/5 | 0.00% | 25.00% | 89 | Weak |
Contrats de voyage | 0/1 | 0.00% | 3.00% | 7 | Weak |
Total | 0 | 0.00% | 9.00% | 145 | Weak |
DOUANES | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Codification douanière | 2/3 (66.67%) | 100.00% | 78.00% | 1 | Strong |
Coopération douanière | 1/6 (16.67%) | 33.33% | 26.00% | 71 | Strong |
Importation en franchise | 3/9 (33.33%) | 40.74% | 30.00% | 66 | Strong |
Importations temporaires | 3/11 (27.27%) | 26.47% | 28.00% | 74 | Weak |
Transit | 1/4 (25.00%) | 45.45% | 28.00% | 51 | Strong |
Total | 10 | 38.04% | 31.00% | 69 | Strong |
DROIT DES TRAITéS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Général | 0/4 | 0.00% | 30.00% | 113 | Weak |
Total | 0 | 0.00% | 30.00% | 113 | Weak |
DROITS DE L'HOMME ET NORMES DU TRAVAIL | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Droits de l'homme | 6/7 (85.71%) | 85.71% | 96.00% | 143 | Weak |
Normes du travail | 8/8 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 86.00% | 1 | Strong |
Total | 14 | 93.33% | 91.00% | 126 | Weak |
ENVIRONNEMENT ET PRODUITS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Atmosphère | 4/5 (80.00%) | 80.00% | 86.00% | 59 | Weak |
Produits chimiques | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 78.00% | 1 | Strong |
Energie | 0/2 | 0.00% | 25.00% | 50 | Weak |
Faune et flore | 7/10 (70.00%) | 76.09% | 68.00% | 46 | Strong |
Produits alimentaires | 2/2 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 79.00% | 1 | Strong |
Général | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 95.00% | 1 | Weak |
Cours d'eau internationaux | 0/1 | 0.00% | 18.00% | 36 | Weak |
Espaces maritimes et droit de la mer | 8/26 (30.77%) | 34.78% | 46.00% | 131 | Weak |
Zones géographiques protégées | 0/1 | 0.00% | 27.00% | 54 | Weak |
Déchets | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 93.00% | 1 | Weak |
Total | 24 | 57.29% | 61.00% | 119 | Weak |
FINANCEMENT, PAIEMENT ET INSOLVABILITé | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Cessions de créances | 0/1 | 0.00% | 1.00% | 2 | Weak |
Faillite et insolvabilité | 0/1 | 0.00% | 21.00% | 41 | Weak |
Lettres de change et billets à ordre | 0/4 | 0.00% | 8.00% | 43 | Weak |
Chèques | 0/3 | 0.00% | 13.00% | 36 | Weak |
Virements internationaux | 0/1 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 1 | Average |
Sûretés | 0/3 | 0.00% | 20.00% | 75 | Weak |
Total | 0 | 0.00% | 12.00% | 117 | Weak |
INVESTISSEMENTS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Différends en matière d'investissements | 1/2 (50.00%) | 50.00% | 39.00% | 2 | Strong |
Garantie des investissements | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 93.00% | 1 | Weak |
Total | 2 | 66.67% | 57.00% | 2 | Strong |
OMC | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Accords plurilatéraux | 0/2 | 0.00% | 18.00% | 45 | Weak |
Accords de l'O.M.C. | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 81.00% | 1 | Strong |
Total | 1 | 45.45% | 47.00% | 45 | Weak |
PARTICIPATION INSTITUTIONNELLE | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Contentieux | 0/1 | 0.00% | 39.00% | 77 | Weak |
Droit commercial international | 6/10 (60.00%) | 60.00% | 73.00% | 126 | Weak |
Institutions d'appui au commerce | 2/6 (33.33%) | 33.33% | 51.00% | 114 | Weak |
Total | 8 | 47.06% | 63.00% | 126 | Weak |
PRODUITS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Ressources marines | 0/1 | 0.00% | 24.00% | 48 | Weak |
Bois | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 31.00% | 1 | Strong |
General | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 92.00% | 1 | Weak |
Total | 2 | 76.92% | 53.00% | 23 | Strong |
PROPRIéTé INTELLECTUELLE | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Radiodiffusion | 0/1 | 0.00% | 47.00% | 93 | Weak |
Droit d'auteur | 0/3 | 0.00% | 65.00% | 172 | Weak |
Dessins industriels | 0/2 | 0.00% | 31.00% | 82 | Weak |
Circuits intégrés | 0/1 | 0.00% | 2.00% | 4 | Weak |
Droits voisins | 0/3 | 0.00% | 46.00% | 120 | Weak |
Origine | 0/3 | 0.00% | 14.00% | 51 | Weak |
Brevets | 1/5 (20.00%) | 23.81% | 57.00% | 153 | Weak |
Marques | 1/6 (16.67%) | 22.73% | 33.00% | 86 | Weak |
Obtentions végétales | 0/1 | 0.00% | 37.00% | 73 | Weak |
Total | 2 | 10.53% | 42.00% | 164 | Weak |
TRANSPORT ET TELECOMMUNICATIONS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Transport aérien | 2/7 (28.57%) | 38.10% | 59.00% | 143 | Weak |
Aéronefs et aviation civile | 5/9 (55.56%) | 68.00% | 74.00% | 134 | Weak |
Transport par navires et lignes de charge | 7/13 (53.85%) | 71.43% | 66.00% | 107 | Weak |
Transport maritime | 3/12 (25.00%) | 20.83% | 27.00% | 103 | Weak |
Transport multi modal | 0/2 | 0.00% | 4.00% | 15 | Weak |
Transport ferroviaire | 0/3 | 0.00% | 22.00% | 50 | Weak |
Transport routier | 0/4 | 0.00% | 31.00% | 86 | Weak |
Espace | 0/4 | 0.00% | 40.00% | 120 | Weak |
Télécommunications | 0/2 | 0.00% | 47.00% | 114 | Weak |
Total | 17 | 37.16% | 50.00% | 146 | Weak |
Strong | |
---|---|
Customs | Customs Codification |
Customs | Customs Cooperation |
Customs | Exemption from Duties |
Customs | Transit |
Dispute resolution | Arbitration |
Environment and products | Chemicals |
Environment and products | Flora and fauna |
Environment and products | Foodstuff |
Good Governance | Corruption |
Good Governance | Cultural Property |
Good Governance | Organized crime |
Human Rights and Labour Standards | Labour Standards |
Investments | Investment disputes |
Products | Timber |
WTO | WTO Agreements |
Average | |
Contracts | Franchising |
Contracts | Principles, trade usages and standards |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Credit transfers |
Weak | |
Contracts | Agency |
Contracts | Conflict of laws |
Contracts | E-commerce |
Contracts | Leasing/Factoring |
Contracts | Procurement |
Contracts | Sale of Goods |
Contracts | Travel contracts |
Customs | Temporary Admission |
Dispute resolution | Judicial cooperation |
Dispute resolution | Recognition of foreign judgments |
Dispute resolution | State court jurisdiction |
Dispute resolution | State court procedure |
Dispute resolution | State immunities |
Environment and products | Air |
Environment and products | Energy |
Environment and products | General |
Environment and products | International watercourses |
Environment and products | Maritime and Law of the Sea |
Environment and products | Protected geographical areas |
Environment and products | Waste |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Assignment of receivables |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Bankruptcy and insolvency |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Bills of exchange and promissory notes |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Cheques |
Finance, payments and insolvency | International guarantees |
Good Governance | Drugs |
Good Governance | Insider Trading |
Human Rights and Labour Standards | Human rights |
Institutional Participation | Dispute Resolution |
Institutional Participation | International Trade Law |
Institutional Participation | Trade support institutions |
Intellectual property | Broadcasting |
Intellectual property | Copyright |
Intellectual property | Industrial designs |
Intellectual property | Integrated circuits |
Intellectual property | Neighboring Rights |
Intellectual property | Origin |
Intellectual property | Patents |
Intellectual property | Trademarks |
Intellectual property | Varieties of plants |
Investments | Investment guaranty |
Products | General |
Products | Marine Resources |
Transport and telecommunications | Air transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Aircrafts and civil aviation |
Transport and telecommunications | Maritime shipping and load lines |
Transport and telecommunications | Maritime transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Multi modal transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Rail transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Road transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Space |
Transport and telecommunications | Telecommunications |
Treaties law | General |
WTO | Plurilateral Agreements |
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