Gambie
- Abstract
- Summary
- Comparative Statistical Analysis
- Strengths and Weakness
- Instruments ratifications
- Historical Data
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La Gambie, en forme longue la république de Gambie, en anglais Gambia ou The Gambia, et Republic of The Gambia, est un pays situé en Afrique de l'Ouest.
Enclavée dans le Sénégal au nord, au sud et à l'est, la Gambie est bordée à l'ouest par l’océan Atlantique. Ces limites correspondent au cours et à la vallée du fleuve Gambie, qui coule à travers le pays et se jette dans l’océan Atlantique. Sa superficie est de 11 300 km2 (pays d'Afrique continentale ayant la plus petite superficie) pour une population d'un peu plus de deux millions d'habitants (estimation 2018). Banjul est la capitale et les plus grandes villes sont Serrekunda et Brikama.
La Gambie partage des racines historiques avec les autres pays d’Afrique de l'Ouest qui ont connu la pratique de la traite des esclaves. Le commerce des esclaves est à l'origine de la mise en place et de la tenue d'une colonie sur le fleuve Gambie ; d'abord par les Portugais, époque au cours de laquelle le pays s'appelle « A Gâmbia », et plus tard par les Britanniques. En 1965, la Gambie obtient son indépendance du Royaume-Uni.
Depuis son indépendance, la Gambie a eu trois dirigeants : le président Dawda Jawara, qui a gouverné le pays de 1970 à 1994 avant que Yahya Jammeh prenne le pouvoir lors d'un coup d’État en tant que jeune officier de l'armée. Le 1er décembre 2016, Adama Barrow gagne l'élection présidentielle mais le président sortant, Yahya Jammeh, ne reconnaît pas sa défaite. Une délégation de la CÉDÉAO (dont la Gambie est un État membre) a tenté de régler la situation pacifiquement, mais à l'issue de l'échec des négociations, le 19 janvier 2017, l'armée sénégalaise est intervenue en Gambie, à la suite du vote d'une résolution de l'organisation des Nations unies (ONU). Le soir du 21 janvier 2017, Yahya Jammeh décide, sous la pression de l'ONU et des pays voisins, de quitter la Gambie, et de s'exiler en Guinée équatoriale. Cette décision permet désormais à Adama Barrow d'exercer le pouvoir.
L'économie de la Gambie est dominée par l'agriculture, la pêche et le tourisme. Environ un tiers de la population vit sous le seuil international de pauvreté de 1,25 dollar par jour.
Instruments ratified: | 79 / 282 |
---|---|
World Average Ratifications: | 114 / 282 |
Ratification rate: | 28.11% |
World Average Rate: | 41.25% |
Weighted score: | 31.51% |
World Average Weighted Score: | 41.25% |
World rank: | 160 / 194 |
BONNE GOUVERNANCE | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Corruption | 1/4 (25.00%) | 41.67% | 50.00% | 92 | Weak |
Biens culturels | 1/4 (25.00%) | 31.25% | 54.00% | 142 | Weak |
Stupéfiants | 3/3 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 95.00% | 1 | Weak |
Délit d'initié | 0/1 | 0.00% | 4.00% | 9 | Weak |
Crime organisé | 1/2 (50.00%) | 62.50% | 80.00% | 112 | Weak |
Total | 6 | 57.69% | 68.00% | 155 | Weak |
CONTENTIEUX | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Arbitrage | 0/6 | 0.00% | 32.00% | 157 | Weak |
Coopération judiciaire | 0/5 | 0.00% | 36.00% | 119 | Weak |
Reconnaissance des jugements étrangers | 0/2 | 0.00% | 2.00% | 6 | Weak |
Compétence judiciaire | 0/4 | 0.00% | 14.00% | 29 | Weak |
Procédure judiciaire | 0/1 | 0.00% | 6.00% | 12 | Weak |
Immunités des Etats | 0/1 | 0.00% | 11.00% | 22 | Weak |
Total | 0 | 0.00% | 29.00% | 171 | Weak |
CONTRATS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Représentation | 0/2 | 0.00% | 2.00% | 8 | Weak |
Conflits de loi | 0/7 | 0.00% | 3.00% | 27 | Weak |
Commerce électronique | 2/3 (66.67%) | 66.67% | 18.00% | 2 | Strong |
Franchisage | 0/1 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 1 | Average |
Leasing/Factoring | 0/2 | 0.00% | 5.00% | 13 | Weak |
Principes et usages commerciaux | 0/2 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 1 | Average |
Marchés publics | 1/4 (25.00%) | 21.43% | 3.00% | 1 | Strong |
Vente de marchandises | 2/5 (40.00%) | 18.18% | 25.00% | 87 | Weak |
Contrats de voyage | 0/1 | 0.00% | 3.00% | 7 | Weak |
Total | 5 | 21.74% | 9.00% | 12 | Strong |
DOUANES | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Codification douanière | 0/3 | 0.00% | 78.00% | 153 | Weak |
Coopération douanière | 1/6 (16.67%) | 20.00% | 26.00% | 107 | Weak |
Importation en franchise | 0/9 | 0.00% | 30.00% | 133 | Weak |
Importations temporaires | 0/11 | 0.00% | 28.00% | 126 | Weak |
Transit | 0/4 | 0.00% | 28.00% | 98 | Weak |
Total | 1 | 3.26% | 31.00% | 168 | Weak |
DROIT DES TRAITéS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Général | 0/4 | 0.00% | 30.00% | 113 | Weak |
Total | 0 | 0.00% | 30.00% | 113 | Weak |
DROITS DE L'HOMME ET NORMES DU TRAVAIL | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Droits de l'homme | 7/7 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 96.00% | 1 | Weak |
Normes du travail | 8/8 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 86.00% | 1 | Strong |
Total | 15 | 100.00% | 91.00% | 1 | Average |
ENVIRONNEMENT ET PRODUITS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Atmosphère | 4/5 (80.00%) | 80.00% | 86.00% | 59 | Weak |
Produits chimiques | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 78.00% | 1 | Strong |
Energie | 0/2 | 0.00% | 25.00% | 50 | Weak |
Faune et flore | 4/10 (40.00%) | 43.48% | 68.00% | 177 | Weak |
Produits alimentaires | 1/2 (50.00%) | 37.50% | 79.00% | 136 | Weak |
Général | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 95.00% | 1 | Weak |
Cours d'eau internationaux | 0/1 | 0.00% | 18.00% | 36 | Weak |
Espaces maritimes et droit de la mer | 7/26 (26.92%) | 29.35% | 46.00% | 146 | Weak |
Zones géographiques protégées | 0/1 | 0.00% | 27.00% | 54 | Weak |
Déchets | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 93.00% | 1 | Weak |
Total | 19 | 44.27% | 61.00% | 154 | Weak |
FINANCEMENT, PAIEMENT ET INSOLVABILITé | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Cessions de créances | 0/1 | 0.00% | 1.00% | 2 | Weak |
Faillite et insolvabilité | 0/1 | 0.00% | 21.00% | 41 | Weak |
Lettres de change et billets à ordre | 0/4 | 0.00% | 8.00% | 43 | Weak |
Chèques | 0/3 | 0.00% | 13.00% | 36 | Weak |
Virements internationaux | 0/1 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 1 | Average |
Sûretés | 0/3 | 0.00% | 20.00% | 75 | Weak |
Total | 0 | 0.00% | 12.00% | 117 | Weak |
INVESTISSEMENTS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Différends en matière d'investissements | 1/2 (50.00%) | 50.00% | 39.00% | 2 | Strong |
Garantie des investissements | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 93.00% | 1 | Weak |
Total | 2 | 66.67% | 57.00% | 2 | Strong |
OMC | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Accords plurilatéraux | 0/2 | 0.00% | 18.00% | 45 | Weak |
Accords de l'O.M.C. | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 81.00% | 1 | Strong |
Total | 1 | 45.45% | 47.00% | 45 | Weak |
PARTICIPATION INSTITUTIONNELLE | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Contentieux | 0/1 | 0.00% | 39.00% | 77 | Weak |
Droit commercial international | 6/10 (60.00%) | 60.00% | 73.00% | 126 | Weak |
Institutions d'appui au commerce | 1/6 (16.67%) | 16.67% | 51.00% | 146 | Weak |
Total | 7 | 41.18% | 63.00% | 148 | Weak |
PRODUITS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Ressources marines | 0/1 | 0.00% | 24.00% | 48 | Weak |
Bois | 0/1 | 0.00% | 31.00% | 61 | Weak |
General | 0/1 | 0.00% | 92.00% | 179 | Weak |
Total | 0 | 0.00% | 53.00% | 180 | Weak |
PROPRIéTé INTELLECTUELLE | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Radiodiffusion | 0/1 | 0.00% | 47.00% | 93 | Weak |
Droit d'auteur | 1/3 (33.33%) | 45.45% | 65.00% | 112 | Weak |
Dessins industriels | 0/2 | 0.00% | 31.00% | 82 | Weak |
Circuits intégrés | 0/1 | 0.00% | 2.00% | 4 | Weak |
Droits voisins | 0/3 | 0.00% | 46.00% | 120 | Weak |
Origine | 0/3 | 0.00% | 14.00% | 51 | Weak |
Brevets | 2/5 (40.00%) | 47.62% | 57.00% | 87 | Weak |
Marques | 1/6 (16.67%) | 22.73% | 33.00% | 86 | Weak |
Obtentions végétales | 0/1 | 0.00% | 37.00% | 73 | Weak |
Total | 4 | 21.05% | 42.00% | 134 | Weak |
TRANSPORT ET TELECOMMUNICATIONS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Transport aérien | 3/7 (42.86%) | 42.86% | 59.00% | 141 | Weak |
Aéronefs et aviation civile | 6/9 (66.67%) | 72.00% | 74.00% | 129 | Weak |
Transport par navires et lignes de charge | 7/13 (53.85%) | 71.43% | 66.00% | 107 | Weak |
Transport maritime | 3/12 (25.00%) | 29.17% | 27.00% | 87 | Weak |
Transport multi modal | 0/2 | 0.00% | 4.00% | 15 | Weak |
Transport ferroviaire | 0/3 | 0.00% | 22.00% | 50 | Weak |
Transport routier | 0/4 | 0.00% | 31.00% | 86 | Weak |
Espace | 0/4 | 0.00% | 40.00% | 120 | Weak |
Télécommunications | 0/2 | 0.00% | 47.00% | 114 | Weak |
Total | 19 | 39.86% | 50.00% | 132 | Weak |
Strong | |
---|---|
Contracts | E-commerce |
Contracts | Procurement |
Environment and products | Chemicals |
Human Rights and Labour Standards | Labour Standards |
Investments | Investment disputes |
WTO | WTO Agreements |
Average | |
Contracts | Franchising |
Contracts | Principles, trade usages and standards |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Credit transfers |
Weak | |
Contracts | Agency |
Contracts | Conflict of laws |
Contracts | Leasing/Factoring |
Contracts | Sale of Goods |
Contracts | Travel contracts |
Customs | Customs Codification |
Customs | Customs Cooperation |
Customs | Exemption from Duties |
Customs | Temporary Admission |
Customs | Transit |
Dispute resolution | Arbitration |
Dispute resolution | Judicial cooperation |
Dispute resolution | Recognition of foreign judgments |
Dispute resolution | State court jurisdiction |
Dispute resolution | State court procedure |
Dispute resolution | State immunities |
Environment and products | Air |
Environment and products | Energy |
Environment and products | Flora and fauna |
Environment and products | Foodstuff |
Environment and products | General |
Environment and products | International watercourses |
Environment and products | Maritime and Law of the Sea |
Environment and products | Protected geographical areas |
Environment and products | Waste |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Assignment of receivables |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Bankruptcy and insolvency |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Bills of exchange and promissory notes |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Cheques |
Finance, payments and insolvency | International guarantees |
Good Governance | Corruption |
Good Governance | Cultural Property |
Good Governance | Drugs |
Good Governance | Insider Trading |
Good Governance | Organized crime |
Human Rights and Labour Standards | Human rights |
Institutional Participation | Dispute Resolution |
Institutional Participation | International Trade Law |
Institutional Participation | Trade support institutions |
Intellectual property | Broadcasting |
Intellectual property | Copyright |
Intellectual property | Industrial designs |
Intellectual property | Integrated circuits |
Intellectual property | Neighboring Rights |
Intellectual property | Origin |
Intellectual property | Patents |
Intellectual property | Trademarks |
Intellectual property | Varieties of plants |
Investments | Investment guaranty |
Products | General |
Products | Marine Resources |
Products | Timber |
Transport and telecommunications | Air transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Aircrafts and civil aviation |
Transport and telecommunications | Maritime shipping and load lines |
Transport and telecommunications | Maritime transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Multi modal transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Rail transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Road transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Space |
Transport and telecommunications | Telecommunications |
Treaties law | General |
WTO | Plurilateral Agreements |
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