Australie
- Abstract
- Summary
- Comparative Statistical Analysis
- Strengths and Weakness
- Instruments ratifications
- Historical Data
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Wikipedia Country Information
L'Australie, en forme longue le Commonwealth d'Australie (en anglais : Australia et Commonwealth of Australia), est un pays de l'hémisphère sud dont la superficie couvre la plus grande partie de l'Océanie. En plus de l'île éponyme, l'Australie comprend également la Tasmanie ainsi que d’autres îles des océans Austral, Pacifique et Indien. Elle revendique aussi 6 000 000 km2 en Antarctique. Les nations voisines comprennent notamment l'Indonésie, le Timor oriental et la Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée au nord, les îles Salomon, Vanuatu et le territoire français de Nouvelle-Calédonie au nord-est, la Nouvelle-Zélande au sud-est ainsi que le territoire français des îles Kerguelen (TAAF) à l'ouest des îles australiennes Heard-et-McDonald.
Peuplée depuis plus de 50 000 ans par les Aborigènes, l'île-continent d'Australie (mainland) est visitée de manière sporadique, notamment par des pêcheurs venus du nord, puis par des marins néerlandais. À partir du XVIIe siècle, explorateurs et marchands européens reconnaîtront les côtes, mais ce n’est qu’en 1770 que la moitié orientale de l'île est officiellement revendiquée par la Grande-Bretagne et le 26 janvier 1788 — jour de la fête nationale australienne — qu'est fondée la colonie pénitentiaire de Nouvelle-Galles du Sud,. Cinq autres colonies largement autonomes sont fondées dans le courant du XIXe siècle, à mesure que la population augmente et que de nouveaux territoires sont explorés. Le 1er janvier 1901, les six colonies se fédèrent et forment le Commonwealth d'Australie.
Depuis son indépendance, l'Australie conserve un système politique stable de type démocratie libérale et reste une monarchie parlementaire membre du Commonwealth des Nations. La langue nationale est l'anglais et la monnaie le dollar australien. Sa capitale est Canberra, située dans le Territoire de la capitale australienne.
Sa population, estimée à 25,6 millions d'habitants en mars 2020, est principalement concentrée dans les grandes villes côtières de Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth et Adélaïde. De surcroît, avec un PIB nominal de 1 379 milliards de dollars américains, l'État se place comme treizième puissance économique mondiale en 2017. Depuis l'an 2000, l'Australie est classée par le PNUD deuxième pays le plus développé au monde après la Norvège. Le pays est le septième émetteur de gaz à effet de serre par habitant en 2015.
L'émeu est l'oiseau national de l'Australie et le kangourou est l'animal national. Le pays compte plus de 500 parcs nationaux, record dans le monde.
Instruments ratified: | 167 / 282 |
---|---|
World Average Ratifications: | 114 / 282 |
Ratification rate: | 58.10% |
World Average Rate: | 41.25% |
Weighted score: | 65.02% |
World Average Weighted Score: | 41.25% |
World rank: | 28 / 194 |
BONNE GOUVERNANCE | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Corruption | 3/4 (75.00%) | 75.00% | 50.00% | 6 | Strong |
Biens culturels | 2/4 (50.00%) | 50.00% | 54.00% | 61 | Weak |
Stupéfiants | 3/3 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 95.00% | 1 | Weak |
Délit d'initié | 0/1 | 0.00% | 4.00% | 9 | Weak |
Crime organisé | 2/2 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 80.00% | 1 | Strong |
Total | 10 | 76.92% | 68.00% | 50 | Strong |
CONTENTIEUX | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Arbitrage | 2/6 (33.33%) | 50.00% | 32.00% | 29 | Strong |
Coopération judiciaire | 3/5 (60.00%) | 78.95% | 36.00% | 42 | Strong |
Reconnaissance des jugements étrangers | 0/2 | 0.00% | 2.00% | 6 | Weak |
Compétence judiciaire | 0/4 | 0.00% | 14.00% | 29 | Weak |
Procédure judiciaire | 0/1 | 0.00% | 6.00% | 12 | Weak |
Immunités des Etats | 0/1 | 0.00% | 11.00% | 22 | Weak |
Total | 5 | 50.00% | 29.00% | 44 | Strong |
CONTRATS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Représentation | 0/2 | 0.00% | 2.00% | 8 | Weak |
Conflits de loi | 1/7 (14.29%) | 14.29% | 3.00% | 9 | Strong |
Commerce électronique | 1/3 (33.33%) | 33.33% | 18.00% | 33 | Strong |
Franchisage | 0/1 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 1 | Average |
Leasing/Factoring | 0/2 | 0.00% | 5.00% | 13 | Weak |
Principes et usages commerciaux | 0/2 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 1 | Average |
Marchés publics | 0/4 | 0.00% | 3.00% | 31 | Weak |
Vente de marchandises | 1/5 (20.00%) | 45.45% | 25.00% | 29 | Strong |
Contrats de voyage | 0/1 | 0.00% | 3.00% | 7 | Weak |
Total | 3 | 15.94% | 9.00% | 31 | Strong |
DOUANES | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Codification douanière | 2/3 (66.67%) | 100.00% | 78.00% | 1 | Strong |
Coopération douanière | 2/6 (33.33%) | 53.33% | 26.00% | 26 | Strong |
Importation en franchise | 7/9 (77.78%) | 77.78% | 30.00% | 6 | Strong |
Importations temporaires | 7/11 (63.64%) | 73.53% | 28.00% | 24 | Strong |
Transit | 1/4 (25.00%) | 27.27% | 28.00% | 62 | Weak |
Total | 19 | 67.39% | 31.00% | 28 | Strong |
DROIT DES TRAITéS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Général | 2/4 (50.00%) | 66.67% | 30.00% | 11 | Strong |
Total | 2 | 66.67% | 30.00% | 11 | Strong |
DROITS DE L'HOMME ET NORMES DU TRAVAIL | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Droits de l'homme | 7/7 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 96.00% | 1 | Weak |
Normes du travail | 8/8 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 86.00% | 1 | Strong |
Total | 15 | 100.00% | 91.00% | 1 | Average |
ENVIRONNEMENT ET PRODUITS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Atmosphère | 4/5 (80.00%) | 80.00% | 86.00% | 59 | Weak |
Produits chimiques | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 78.00% | 1 | Strong |
Energie | 0/2 | 0.00% | 25.00% | 50 | Weak |
Faune et flore | 8/10 (80.00%) | 82.61% | 68.00% | 29 | Strong |
Produits alimentaires | 2/2 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 79.00% | 1 | Strong |
Général | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 95.00% | 1 | Weak |
Cours d'eau internationaux | 0/1 | 0.00% | 18.00% | 36 | Weak |
Espaces maritimes et droit de la mer | 23/26 (88.46%) | 92.39% | 46.00% | 8 | Strong |
Zones géographiques protégées | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 27.00% | 1 | Strong |
Déchets | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 93.00% | 1 | Weak |
Total | 41 | 88.02% | 61.00% | 11 | Strong |
FINANCEMENT, PAIEMENT ET INSOLVABILITé | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Cessions de créances | 0/1 | 0.00% | 1.00% | 2 | Weak |
Faillite et insolvabilité | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 21.00% | 1 | Strong |
Lettres de change et billets à ordre | 1/4 (25.00%) | 10.00% | 8.00% | 32 | Strong |
Chèques | 1/3 (33.33%) | 20.00% | 13.00% | 26 | Strong |
Virements internationaux | 0/1 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 1 | Average |
Sûretés | 2/3 (66.67%) | 54.55% | 20.00% | 5 | Strong |
Total | 5 | 31.71% | 12.00% | 15 | Strong |
INVESTISSEMENTS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Différends en matière d'investissements | 1/2 (50.00%) | 50.00% | 39.00% | 2 | Strong |
Garantie des investissements | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 93.00% | 1 | Weak |
Total | 2 | 66.67% | 57.00% | 2 | Strong |
OMC | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Accords plurilatéraux | 0/2 | 0.00% | 18.00% | 45 | Weak |
Accords de l'O.M.C. | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 81.00% | 1 | Strong |
Total | 1 | 45.45% | 47.00% | 45 | Weak |
PARTICIPATION INSTITUTIONNELLE | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Contentieux | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 39.00% | 1 | Strong |
Droit commercial international | 9/10 (90.00%) | 90.00% | 73.00% | 34 | Strong |
Institutions d'appui au commerce | 5/6 (83.33%) | 83.33% | 51.00% | 29 | Strong |
Total | 15 | 88.24% | 63.00% | 36 | Strong |
PRODUITS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Ressources marines | 0/1 | 0.00% | 24.00% | 48 | Weak |
Bois | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 31.00% | 1 | Strong |
General | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 92.00% | 1 | Weak |
Total | 2 | 76.92% | 53.00% | 23 | Strong |
PROPRIéTé INTELLECTUELLE | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Radiodiffusion | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 47.00% | 1 | Strong |
Droit d'auteur | 3/3 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 65.00% | 1 | Strong |
Dessins industriels | 0/2 | 0.00% | 31.00% | 82 | Weak |
Circuits intégrés | 0/1 | 0.00% | 2.00% | 4 | Weak |
Droits voisins | 3/3 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 46.00% | 1 | Strong |
Origine | 0/3 | 0.00% | 14.00% | 51 | Weak |
Brevets | 5/5 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 57.00% | 1 | Strong |
Marques | 4/6 (66.67%) | 81.82% | 33.00% | 22 | Strong |
Obtentions végétales | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 37.00% | 1 | Strong |
Total | 17 | 76.84% | 42.00% | 35 | Strong |
TRANSPORT ET TELECOMMUNICATIONS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Transport aérien | 5/7 (71.43%) | 90.48% | 59.00% | 4 | Strong |
Aéronefs et aviation civile | 5/9 (55.56%) | 76.00% | 74.00% | 80 | Weak |
Transport par navires et lignes de charge | 11/13 (84.62%) | 94.29% | 66.00% | 11 | Strong |
Transport maritime | 3/12 (25.00%) | 20.83% | 27.00% | 103 | Weak |
Transport multi modal | 0/2 | 0.00% | 4.00% | 15 | Weak |
Transport ferroviaire | 0/3 | 0.00% | 22.00% | 50 | Weak |
Transport routier | 0/4 | 0.00% | 31.00% | 86 | Weak |
Espace | 4/4 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 40.00% | 1 | Strong |
Télécommunications | 2/2 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 47.00% | 1 | Strong |
Total | 30 | 59.46% | 50.00% | 59 | Strong |
Strong | |
---|---|
Contracts | Conflict of laws |
Contracts | E-commerce |
Contracts | Sale of Goods |
Customs | Customs Codification |
Customs | Customs Cooperation |
Customs | Exemption from Duties |
Customs | Temporary Admission |
Dispute resolution | Arbitration |
Dispute resolution | Judicial cooperation |
Environment and products | Chemicals |
Environment and products | Flora and fauna |
Environment and products | Foodstuff |
Environment and products | Maritime and Law of the Sea |
Environment and products | Protected geographical areas |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Bankruptcy and insolvency |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Bills of exchange and promissory notes |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Cheques |
Finance, payments and insolvency | International guarantees |
Good Governance | Corruption |
Good Governance | Organized crime |
Human Rights and Labour Standards | Labour Standards |
Institutional Participation | Dispute Resolution |
Institutional Participation | International Trade Law |
Institutional Participation | Trade support institutions |
Intellectual property | Broadcasting |
Intellectual property | Copyright |
Intellectual property | Neighboring Rights |
Intellectual property | Patents |
Intellectual property | Trademarks |
Intellectual property | Varieties of plants |
Investments | Investment disputes |
Products | Timber |
Transport and telecommunications | Air transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Maritime shipping and load lines |
Transport and telecommunications | Space |
Transport and telecommunications | Telecommunications |
Treaties law | General |
WTO | WTO Agreements |
Average | |
Contracts | Franchising |
Contracts | Principles, trade usages and standards |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Credit transfers |
Weak | |
Contracts | Agency |
Contracts | Leasing/Factoring |
Contracts | Procurement |
Contracts | Travel contracts |
Customs | Transit |
Dispute resolution | Recognition of foreign judgments |
Dispute resolution | State court jurisdiction |
Dispute resolution | State court procedure |
Dispute resolution | State immunities |
Environment and products | Air |
Environment and products | Energy |
Environment and products | General |
Environment and products | International watercourses |
Environment and products | Waste |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Assignment of receivables |
Good Governance | Cultural Property |
Good Governance | Drugs |
Good Governance | Insider Trading |
Human Rights and Labour Standards | Human rights |
Intellectual property | Industrial designs |
Intellectual property | Integrated circuits |
Intellectual property | Origin |
Investments | Investment guaranty |
Products | General |
Products | Marine Resources |
Transport and telecommunications | Aircrafts and civil aviation |
Transport and telecommunications | Maritime transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Multi modal transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Rail transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Road transport |
WTO | Plurilateral Agreements |
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