Tajikistan
- Abstract
- Summary
- Comparative Statistical Analysis
- Strengths and Weakness
- Instruments ratifications
- Historical Data
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Wikipedia Country Information
Tajikistan ( (listen), ; Tajik: Тоҷикистон, [tɔdʒikisˈtɔn], Russian: Таджикистан, romanized: Tadzhikistan), officially the Republic of Tajikistan (Tajik: Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, romanized: Jumhurii Tojikiston), is a landlocked country in Central Asia with an area of 143,100 km2 (55,300 sq mi) and an estimated population of 9,537,645 people. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north and China to the east. The traditional homelands of the Tajik people include present-day Tajikistan as well as parts of Afghanistan and Uzbekistan.
The territory that now constitutes Tajikistan was previously home to several ancient cultures, including the city of Sarazm of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age and was later home to kingdoms ruled by people of different faiths and cultures, including the Oxus Valley Civilisation, Andronovo Culture, Buddhism, Nestorian Christianity, Vedic religion, Zoroastrianism, Manichaeism and Islam. The area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties, including the Achaemenid Empire, Sasanian Empire, Hephthalite Empire, Samanid Empire and the Mongol Empire. After being ruled by the Timurid dynasty and the Khanate of Bukhara, the Timurid Renaissance flourished. The region was later conquered by the Russian Empire and subsequently by the Soviet Union. Within the Soviet Union, the country's modern borders were drawn when it was part of Uzbekistan as an autonomous republic before becoming a full-fledged Soviet republic in 1929.On 9 September 1991, Tajikistan became an independent sovereign nation when the Soviet Union disintegrated. A civil war was fought almost immediately after independence, lasting from 1992 to 1997. Since the end of the war, newly established political stability and foreign aid have allowed the country's economy to grow. The country, led by President Emomali Rahmon since 1994, has been criticised by a number of non-governmental organizations for authoritarian leadership, corruption and widespread violations of human rights, including torture, arbitrary imprisonment, lack of religious freedom and other civil liberties, and worsening political repression.Tajikistan is a presidential republic consisting of four provinces. Most of Tajikistan's population belongs to the Tajik ethnic group, who speak Tajik (a dialect of Persian). Russian is used as the inter-ethnic language. While the state is constitutionally secular, Islam is practiced by 98% of the population. In the Gorno-Badakhshan oblast, despite its sparse population, there is large linguistic diversity where Rushani, Shughni, Ishkashimi, Wakhi and Tajik are some of the languages spoken. Mountains cover more than 90% of the country. It has a transition economy that is highly dependent on remittances, aluminium and cotton production. Tajikistan is a member of the United Nations, CIS, OSCE, OIC, ECO, SCO and CSTO as well as an NATO PfP partner.
Instruments ratified: | 80 / 282 |
---|---|
World Average Ratifications: | 114 / 282 |
Ratification rate: | 31.82% |
World Average Rate: | 41.25% |
Weighted score: | 37.13% |
World Average Weighted Score: | 41.25% |
World rank: | 143 / 194 |
Central Asia rank: | 3 / 5 |
Central Asia Avg. Ratifications: | 90 / 282 |
Landlocked developing countries rank: | 18 / 32 |
Landlocked developing countries Avg. Ratifications: | 86 / 282 |
Transition economy rank: | 26 / 28 |
Transition economy Avg. Ratifications: | 141 / 282 |
CONTRACTS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agency | 0/2 | 0.00% | 2.00% | 8 | Weak |
Conflict of laws | 0/7 | 0.00% | 3.00% | 27 | Weak |
E-commerce | 0/3 | 0.00% | 18.00% | 70 | Weak |
Franchising | 0/1 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 1 | Average |
Leasing/Factoring | 0/2 | 0.00% | 5.00% | 13 | Weak |
Principles, trade usages and standards | 0/2 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 1 | Average |
Procurement | 0/4 | 0.00% | 3.00% | 31 | Weak |
Sale of Goods | 0/5 | 0.00% | 25.00% | 89 | Weak |
Travel contracts | 0/1 | 0.00% | 3.00% | 7 | Weak |
Total | 0 | 0.00% | 9.00% | 145 | Weak |
CUSTOMS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Customs Codification | 2/3 (66.67%) | 100.00% | 78.00% | 1 | Strong |
Customs Cooperation | 2/6 (33.33%) | 26.67% | 26.00% | 103 | Weak |
Exemption from Duties | 0/9 | 0.00% | 30.00% | 133 | Weak |
Temporary Admission | 1/11 (9.09%) | 14.71% | 28.00% | 94 | Weak |
Transit | 2/4 (50.00%) | 54.55% | 28.00% | 42 | Strong |
Total | 7 | 21.74% | 31.00% | 109 | Weak |
DISPUTE RESOLUTION | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Arbitration | 1/6 (16.67%) | 25.00% | 32.00% | 86 | Weak |
Judicial cooperation | 1/5 (20.00%) | 26.32% | 36.00% | 76 | Weak |
Recognition of foreign judgments | 0/2 | 0.00% | 2.00% | 6 | Weak |
State court jurisdiction | 0/4 | 0.00% | 14.00% | 29 | Weak |
State court procedure | 0/1 | 0.00% | 6.00% | 12 | Weak |
State immunities | 0/1 | 0.00% | 11.00% | 22 | Weak |
Total | 2 | 20.00% | 29.00% | 95 | Weak |
ENVIRONMENT AND PRODUCTS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Air | 4/5 (80.00%) | 80.00% | 86.00% | 59 | Weak |
Chemicals | 0/1 | 0.00% | 78.00% | 152 | Weak |
Energy | 2/2 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 25.00% | 1 | Strong |
Flora and fauna | 5/10 (50.00%) | 54.35% | 68.00% | 152 | Weak |
Foodstuff | 1/2 (50.00%) | 37.50% | 79.00% | 136 | Weak |
General | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 95.00% | 1 | Weak |
International watercourses | 0/1 | 0.00% | 18.00% | 36 | Weak |
Maritime and Law of the Sea | 0/26 | 0.00% | 46.00% | 182 | Weak |
Protected geographical areas | 0/1 | 0.00% | 27.00% | 54 | Weak |
Waste | 0/1 | 0.00% | 93.00% | 181 | Weak |
Total | 13 | 28.65% | 61.00% | 186 | Weak |
FINANCE, PAYMENTS AND INSOLVENCY | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Assignment of receivables | 0/1 | 0.00% | 1.00% | 2 | Weak |
Bankruptcy and insolvency | 0/1 | 0.00% | 21.00% | 41 | Weak |
Bills of exchange and promissory notes | 0/4 | 0.00% | 8.00% | 43 | Weak |
Cheques | 0/3 | 0.00% | 13.00% | 36 | Weak |
Credit transfers | 0/1 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 1 | Average |
International guarantees | 2/3 (66.67%) | 54.55% | 20.00% | 5 | Strong |
Total | 2 | 14.63% | 12.00% | 52 | Strong |
GOOD GOVERNANCE | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Corruption | 1/4 (25.00%) | 41.67% | 50.00% | 92 | Weak |
Cultural Property | 2/4 (50.00%) | 50.00% | 54.00% | 61 | Weak |
Drugs | 3/3 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 95.00% | 1 | Weak |
Insider Trading | 0/1 | 0.00% | 4.00% | 9 | Weak |
Organized crime | 1/2 (50.00%) | 62.50% | 80.00% | 112 | Weak |
Total | 7 | 63.46% | 68.00% | 123 | Weak |
HUMAN RIGHTS AND LABOUR STANDARDS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Human Rights | 6/7 (85.71%) | 85.71% | 96.00% | 143 | Weak |
Labour Standards | 4/8 (50.00%) | 50.00% | 86.00% | 169 | Weak |
Total | 10 | 66.67% | 91.00% | 169 | Weak |
INSTITUTIONAL PARTICIPATION | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Dispute Resolution | 0/1 | 0.00% | 39.00% | 77 | Weak |
International Trade Law | 5/10 (50.00%) | 50.00% | 73.00% | 163 | Weak |
Trade support institutions | 3/6 (50.00%) | 50.00% | 51.00% | 82 | Weak |
Total | 8 | 47.06% | 63.00% | 126 | Weak |
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Broadcasting | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 47.00% | 1 | Strong |
Copyright | 2/3 (66.67%) | 90.91% | 65.00% | 48 | Strong |
Industrial designs | 2/2 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 31.00% | 1 | Strong |
Integrated circuits | 0/1 | 0.00% | 2.00% | 4 | Weak |
Neighboring Rights | 3/3 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 46.00% | 1 | Strong |
Origin | 0/3 | 0.00% | 14.00% | 51 | Weak |
Patents | 4/5 (80.00%) | 85.71% | 57.00% | 30 | Strong |
Trademarks | 4/6 (66.67%) | 72.73% | 33.00% | 36 | Strong |
Varieties of plants | 0/1 | 0.00% | 37.00% | 73 | Weak |
Total | 16 | 73.68% | 42.00% | 41 | Strong |
INVESTMENTS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Investment disputes | 0/2 | 0.00% | 39.00% | 152 | Weak |
Investment guaranty | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 93.00% | 1 | Weak |
Total | 1 | 33.33% | 57.00% | 148 | Weak |
PRODUCTS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Marine Resources | 0/1 | 0.00% | 24.00% | 48 | Weak |
Timber | 0/1 | 0.00% | 31.00% | 61 | Weak |
General | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 92.00% | 1 | Weak |
Total | 1 | 38.46% | 53.00% | 85 | Weak |
TRANSPORT AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Air transport | 1/7 (14.29%) | 14.29% | 59.00% | 168 | Weak |
Aircrafts and civil aviation | 5/9 (55.56%) | 68.00% | 74.00% | 134 | Weak |
Maritime shipping and load lines | 0/13 | 0.00% | 66.00% | 167 | Weak |
Maritime transport | 2/12 (16.67%) | 8.33% | 27.00% | 153 | Weak |
Multi modal transport | 0/2 | 0.00% | 4.00% | 15 | Weak |
Rail transport | 0/3 | 0.00% | 22.00% | 50 | Weak |
Road transport | 3/4 (75.00%) | 83.33% | 31.00% | 35 | Strong |
Space | 0/4 | 0.00% | 40.00% | 120 | Weak |
Telecommunications | 0/2 | 0.00% | 47.00% | 114 | Weak |
Total | 11 | 25.00% | 50.00% | 170 | Weak |
TREATIES LAW | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
General | 1/4 (25.00%) | 41.67% | 30.00% | 41 | Strong |
Total | 1 | 41.67% | 30.00% | 41 | Strong |
WTO | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Plurilateral Agreements | 0/2 | 0.00% | 18.00% | 45 | Weak |
WTO Agreements | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 81.00% | 1 | Strong |
Total | 1 | 45.45% | 47.00% | 45 | Weak |
Strong | |
---|---|
Customs | Customs Codification |
Customs | Transit |
Environment and products | Energy |
Finance, payments and insolvency | International guarantees |
Intellectual property | Broadcasting |
Intellectual property | Copyright |
Intellectual property | Industrial designs |
Intellectual property | Neighboring Rights |
Intellectual property | Patents |
Intellectual property | Trademarks |
Transport and telecommunications | Road transport |
Treaties law | General |
WTO | WTO Agreements |
Average | |
Contracts | Franchising |
Contracts | Principles, trade usages and standards |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Credit transfers |
Weak | |
Contracts | Agency |
Contracts | Conflict of laws |
Contracts | E-commerce |
Contracts | Leasing/Factoring |
Contracts | Procurement |
Contracts | Sale of Goods |
Contracts | Travel contracts |
Customs | Customs Cooperation |
Customs | Exemption from Duties |
Customs | Temporary Admission |
Dispute resolution | Arbitration |
Dispute resolution | Judicial cooperation |
Dispute resolution | Recognition of foreign judgments |
Dispute resolution | State court jurisdiction |
Dispute resolution | State court procedure |
Dispute resolution | State immunities |
Environment and products | Air |
Environment and products | Chemicals |
Environment and products | Flora and fauna |
Environment and products | Foodstuff |
Environment and products | General |
Environment and products | International watercourses |
Environment and products | Maritime and Law of the Sea |
Environment and products | Protected geographical areas |
Environment and products | Waste |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Assignment of receivables |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Bankruptcy and insolvency |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Bills of exchange and promissory notes |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Cheques |
Good Governance | Corruption |
Good Governance | Cultural Property |
Good Governance | Drugs |
Good Governance | Insider Trading |
Good Governance | Organized crime |
Human Rights and Labour Standards | Human rights |
Human Rights and Labour Standards | Labour Standards |
Institutional Participation | Dispute Resolution |
Institutional Participation | International Trade Law |
Institutional Participation | Trade support institutions |
Intellectual property | Integrated circuits |
Intellectual property | Origin |
Intellectual property | Varieties of plants |
Investments | Investment disputes |
Investments | Investment guaranty |
Products | General |
Products | Marine Resources |
Products | Timber |
Transport and telecommunications | Air transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Aircrafts and civil aviation |
Transport and telecommunications | Maritime shipping and load lines |
Transport and telecommunications | Maritime transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Multi modal transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Rail transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Space |
Transport and telecommunications | Telecommunications |
WTO | Plurilateral Agreements |
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