Colombia
- Abstract
- Summary
- Comparative Statistical Analysis
- Strengths and Weakness
- Instruments ratifications
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Wikipedia Country Information
Colombia ( (listen) kə-LUM-bee-ə, -LOM-; Spanish: [koˈlombja] (listen)), officially the Republic of Colombia (Spanish: República de Colombia ), is a country in South America with territories in North America. Colombia is bounded on the north by the Caribbean Sea, the northwest by Panama, the south by Ecuador and Peru, the east by Venezuela, the southeast by Brazil, and the west by the Pacific Ocean. It comprises 32 departments and the Capital District of Bogotá, the country's largest city.
With over 50 million inhabitants Colombia is one of the most ethnically and linguistically diverse countries in the world, with its rich cultural heritage reflecting influences by various Amerindian civilizations, European settlement, forced African labor, and immigration from Europe and the greater Middle East. Urban centres are concentrated in the Andean highlands and the Caribbean coast.
Colombia has been inhabited by various indigenous peoples since at least 12,000 BCE, including the Muisca, Quimbaya, and the Tairona. The Spanish landed first in La Guajira in 1499 and by the mid-16th century annexed part of the region, establishing the New Kingdom of Granada, with Santafé de Bogotá as its capital. Independence from Spain was achieved in 1810, with what is now Colombia emerging as the United Provinces of New Granada. The new nation experimented with federalism as the Granadine Confederation (1858), and then the United States of Colombia (1863), before the Republic of Colombia was finally declared in 1886. Panama seceded in 1903, leading to Colombia's present borders. Beginning in the 1960s, the country suffered from an asymmetric low-intensity armed conflict and political violence, both of which escalated in the 1990s. Since 2005, there has been significant improvement in security, stability, and rule of law, as well as unprecedented economic growth and development.Colombia is one of the world's 17 megadiverse countries and has the second-highest level of biodiversity in the world. Its territory encompasses Amazon rainforest, highlands, grasslands, and deserts, and it is the only country in South America with coastlines and islands along both the Atlantic and Pacific.
Colombia is considered a regional actor in international affairs, being a member of major global and regional organizations including the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the Organization of American States, the Pacific Alliance, the Andean Community, and a NATO Global Partner. Colombia's diversified economy is the third largest in South America, with macroeconomic stability and favorable long-term growth prospects.
Instruments ratified: | 114 / 282 |
---|---|
World Average Ratifications: | 114 / 282 |
Ratification rate: | 45.10% |
World Average Rate: | 41.25% |
Weighted score: | 52.85% |
World Average Weighted Score: | 41.25% |
World rank: | 60 / 194 |
Developing country rank: | 18 / 87 |
Developing country Avg. Ratifications: | 109 / 282 |
South America rank: | 4 / 13 |
South America Avg. Ratifications: | 111 / 282 |
CONTRACTS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agency | 0/2 | 0.00% | 2.00% | 8 | Weak |
Conflict of laws | 0/7 | 0.00% | 3.00% | 27 | Weak |
E-commerce | 2/3 (66.67%) | 66.67% | 18.00% | 2 | Strong |
Franchising | 0/1 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 1 | Average |
Leasing/Factoring | 0/2 | 0.00% | 5.00% | 13 | Weak |
Principles, trade usages and standards | 0/2 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 1 | Average |
Procurement | 0/4 | 0.00% | 3.00% | 31 | Weak |
Sale of Goods | 1/5 (20.00%) | 45.45% | 25.00% | 29 | Strong |
Travel contracts | 0/1 | 0.00% | 3.00% | 7 | Weak |
Total | 3 | 21.74% | 9.00% | 12 | Strong |
CUSTOMS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Customs Codification | 2/3 (66.67%) | 100.00% | 78.00% | 1 | Strong |
Customs Cooperation | 0/6 | 0.00% | 26.00% | 117 | Weak |
Exemption from Duties | 0/9 | 0.00% | 30.00% | 133 | Weak |
Temporary Admission | 0/11 | 0.00% | 28.00% | 126 | Weak |
Transit | 0/4 | 0.00% | 28.00% | 98 | Weak |
Total | 2 | 5.43% | 31.00% | 151 | Weak |
DISPUTE RESOLUTION | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Arbitration | 1/6 (16.67%) | 25.00% | 32.00% | 86 | Weak |
Judicial cooperation | 3/5 (60.00%) | 78.95% | 36.00% | 42 | Strong |
Recognition of foreign judgments | 0/2 | 0.00% | 2.00% | 6 | Weak |
State court jurisdiction | 0/4 | 0.00% | 14.00% | 29 | Weak |
State court procedure | 0/1 | 0.00% | 6.00% | 12 | Weak |
State immunities | 0/1 | 0.00% | 11.00% | 22 | Weak |
Total | 4 | 40.00% | 29.00% | 56 | Strong |
ENVIRONMENT AND PRODUCTS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Air | 4/5 (80.00%) | 80.00% | 86.00% | 59 | Weak |
Chemicals | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 78.00% | 1 | Strong |
Energy | 0/2 | 0.00% | 25.00% | 50 | Weak |
Flora and fauna | 6/10 (60.00%) | 65.22% | 68.00% | 91 | Weak |
Foodstuff | 1/2 (50.00%) | 37.50% | 79.00% | 136 | Weak |
General | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 95.00% | 1 | Weak |
International watercourses | 0/1 | 0.00% | 18.00% | 36 | Weak |
Maritime and Law of the Sea | 12/26 (46.15%) | 50.00% | 46.00% | 92 | Weak |
Protected geographical areas | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 27.00% | 1 | Strong |
Waste | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 93.00% | 1 | Weak |
Total | 27 | 60.94% | 61.00% | 105 | Weak |
FINANCE, PAYMENTS AND INSOLVENCY | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Assignment of receivables | 0/1 | 0.00% | 1.00% | 2 | Weak |
Bankruptcy and insolvency | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 21.00% | 1 | Strong |
Bills of exchange and promissory notes | 0/4 | 0.00% | 8.00% | 43 | Weak |
Cheques | 0/3 | 0.00% | 13.00% | 36 | Weak |
Credit transfers | 0/1 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 1 | Average |
International guarantees | 2/3 (66.67%) | 54.55% | 20.00% | 5 | Strong |
Total | 3 | 26.83% | 12.00% | 16 | Strong |
GOOD GOVERNANCE | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Corruption | 2/4 (50.00%) | 50.00% | 50.00% | 82 | Weak |
Cultural Property | 3/4 (75.00%) | 81.25% | 54.00% | 21 | Strong |
Drugs | 3/3 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 95.00% | 1 | Weak |
Insider Trading | 0/1 | 0.00% | 4.00% | 9 | Weak |
Organized crime | 1/2 (50.00%) | 62.50% | 80.00% | 112 | Weak |
Total | 9 | 75.00% | 68.00% | 56 | Average |
HUMAN RIGHTS AND LABOUR STANDARDS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Human Rights | 7/7 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 96.00% | 1 | Weak |
Labour Standards | 8/8 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 86.00% | 1 | Strong |
Total | 15 | 100.00% | 91.00% | 1 | Average |
INSTITUTIONAL PARTICIPATION | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Dispute Resolution | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 39.00% | 1 | Strong |
International Trade Law | 8/10 (80.00%) | 80.00% | 73.00% | 56 | Average |
Trade support institutions | 4/6 (66.67%) | 66.67% | 51.00% | 56 | Strong |
Total | 13 | 76.47% | 63.00% | 61 | Strong |
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Broadcasting | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 47.00% | 1 | Strong |
Copyright | 3/3 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 65.00% | 1 | Strong |
Industrial designs | 0/2 | 0.00% | 31.00% | 82 | Weak |
Integrated circuits | 0/1 | 0.00% | 2.00% | 4 | Weak |
Neighboring Rights | 3/3 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 46.00% | 1 | Strong |
Origin | 0/3 | 0.00% | 14.00% | 51 | Weak |
Patents | 2/5 (40.00%) | 47.62% | 57.00% | 87 | Weak |
Trademarks | 2/6 (33.33%) | 45.45% | 33.00% | 61 | Strong |
Varieties of plants | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 37.00% | 1 | Strong |
Total | 12 | 56.84% | 42.00% | 60 | Strong |
INVESTMENTS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Investment disputes | 1/2 (50.00%) | 50.00% | 39.00% | 2 | Strong |
Investment guaranty | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 93.00% | 1 | Weak |
Total | 2 | 66.67% | 57.00% | 2 | Strong |
PRODUCTS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Marine Resources | 0/1 | 0.00% | 24.00% | 48 | Weak |
Timber | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 31.00% | 1 | Strong |
General | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 92.00% | 1 | Weak |
Total | 2 | 76.92% | 53.00% | 23 | Strong |
TRANSPORT AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Air transport | 5/7 (71.43%) | 90.48% | 59.00% | 4 | Strong |
Aircrafts and civil aviation | 4/9 (44.44%) | 56.00% | 74.00% | 151 | Weak |
Maritime shipping and load lines | 7/13 (53.85%) | 71.43% | 66.00% | 107 | Weak |
Maritime transport | 1/12 (8.33%) | 12.50% | 27.00% | 143 | Weak |
Multi modal transport | 0/2 | 0.00% | 4.00% | 15 | Weak |
Rail transport | 0/3 | 0.00% | 22.00% | 50 | Weak |
Road transport | 0/4 | 0.00% | 31.00% | 86 | Weak |
Space | 1/4 (25.00%) | 16.67% | 40.00% | 103 | Weak |
Telecommunications | 2/2 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 47.00% | 1 | Strong |
Total | 20 | 45.95% | 50.00% | 115 | Weak |
TREATIES LAW | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
General | 1/4 (25.00%) | 41.67% | 30.00% | 41 | Strong |
Total | 1 | 41.67% | 30.00% | 41 | Strong |
WTO | Inst. ratified | Country score | World avg. score | Country rank in world | Strength |
Plurilateral Agreements | 0/2 | 0.00% | 18.00% | 45 | Weak |
WTO Agreements | 1/1 (100.00%) | 100.00% | 81.00% | 1 | Strong |
Total | 1 | 45.45% | 47.00% | 45 | Weak |
Strong | |
---|---|
Contracts | E-commerce |
Contracts | Sale of Goods |
Customs | Customs Codification |
Dispute resolution | Judicial cooperation |
Environment and products | Chemicals |
Environment and products | Protected geographical areas |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Bankruptcy and insolvency |
Finance, payments and insolvency | International guarantees |
Good Governance | Cultural Property |
Human Rights and Labour Standards | Labour Standards |
Institutional Participation | Dispute Resolution |
Institutional Participation | Trade support institutions |
Intellectual property | Broadcasting |
Intellectual property | Copyright |
Intellectual property | Neighboring Rights |
Intellectual property | Trademarks |
Intellectual property | Varieties of plants |
Investments | Investment disputes |
Products | Timber |
Transport and telecommunications | Air transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Telecommunications |
Treaties law | General |
WTO | WTO Agreements |
Average | |
Contracts | Franchising |
Contracts | Principles, trade usages and standards |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Credit transfers |
Institutional Participation | International Trade Law |
Weak | |
Contracts | Agency |
Contracts | Conflict of laws |
Contracts | Leasing/Factoring |
Contracts | Procurement |
Contracts | Travel contracts |
Customs | Customs Cooperation |
Customs | Exemption from Duties |
Customs | Temporary Admission |
Customs | Transit |
Dispute resolution | Arbitration |
Dispute resolution | Recognition of foreign judgments |
Dispute resolution | State court jurisdiction |
Dispute resolution | State court procedure |
Dispute resolution | State immunities |
Environment and products | Air |
Environment and products | Energy |
Environment and products | Flora and fauna |
Environment and products | Foodstuff |
Environment and products | General |
Environment and products | International watercourses |
Environment and products | Maritime and Law of the Sea |
Environment and products | Waste |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Assignment of receivables |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Bills of exchange and promissory notes |
Finance, payments and insolvency | Cheques |
Good Governance | Corruption |
Good Governance | Drugs |
Good Governance | Insider Trading |
Good Governance | Organized crime |
Human Rights and Labour Standards | Human rights |
Intellectual property | Industrial designs |
Intellectual property | Integrated circuits |
Intellectual property | Origin |
Intellectual property | Patents |
Investments | Investment guaranty |
Products | General |
Products | Marine Resources |
Transport and telecommunications | Aircrafts and civil aviation |
Transport and telecommunications | Maritime shipping and load lines |
Transport and telecommunications | Maritime transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Multi modal transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Rail transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Road transport |
Transport and telecommunications | Space |
WTO | Plurilateral Agreements |
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